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DECIZIE Nr

DECIZIE   Nr. 332*) din 14 iulie 1997

referitoare la exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila si ale art. 31 din Legea Curtii Supreme de Justitie nr. 56/1993

ACT EMIS DE: CURTEA CONSTITUTIONALA

ACT PUBLICAT IN: MONITORUL OFICIAL  NR. 108 din 10 martie 1998


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    *) Definitiva prin nerecurare.

    Lucian Stangu       - presedinte
    Romul Petru Vonica  - judecator
    Victor Dan Zlatescu - judecator
    Constantin Burada   - magistrat-asistent

    Completul de judecata, convocat potrivit art. 24 alin. (2) din Legea nr. 47/1992, constata urmatoarele:
    Curtea Suprema de Justitie - Sectia civila, prin Incheierea din 10 aprilie 1997, pronuntata in Dosarul nr. 2.568/1996, a sesizat Curtea Constitutionala cu exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila si ale art. 31 din Legea Curtii Supreme de Justitie nr. 56/1993, invocata de intimata-reclamanta Buica Vasilica.
    In motivarea exceptiei se sustine ca art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila este neconstitutional, deoarece statueaza posibilitatea procurorului general de a ataca, din oficiu, cu recurs in anulare hotararile judecatoresti irevocabile, fara avizul ministrului justitiei.
    Dispozitiile art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila contravin dispozitiilor art. 131 alin. (1) din Constitutie, potrivit carora procurorii isi desfasoara activitatea sub autoritatea ministrului justitiei, incat calea de atac a recursului in anulare putea fi exercitata numai la cererea sau cu avizul acestuia.
    Prevederile art. 31 din Legea nr. 56/1993, in temeiul carora Curtea Suprema de Justitie - Sectiile Unite a emis Hotararea nr. 1/1995, potrivit careia diferitele complete de judecata din cadrul aceleiasi sectii sunt obligate sa se pronunte in acelasi sens cu jurisprudenta Curtii, sunt contrare dispozitiilor art. 123 alin. (2) din Constitutie, care statueaza ca judecatorii sunt independenti si se supun numai legii.
    Exprimandu-si opinia in conformitate cu art. 23 alin. (5) din Legea nr. 47/1992, instanta suprema apreciaza ca exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila este neintemeiata, textul fiind constitutional, iar in ceea ce priveste art. 31 din Legea nr. 56/1993, acesta nu are legatura cu cauza dedusa judecatii.

    CURTEA,
avand in vedere actele si lucrarile dosarului, incheierea de sesizare, raportul intocmit de judecatorul-raportor, dispozitiile legale atacate, raportate la prevederile Constitutiei si ale Legii nr. 47/1992, retine:
    In temeiul art. 144 lit. c) din Constitutie si al art. 23 din Legea nr. 47/1992, Curtea este competenta sa solutioneze exceptia, fiind legal sesizata.
    Pe fond, se retine ca, prin Decizia nr. 73 din 4 iunie 1996, ramasa definitiva prin Decizia nr. 96 din 24 septembrie 1996, publicate in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 251 din 17 octombrie 1996 si, respectiv, nr. 255 din 22 octombrie 1996, Curtea Constitutionala s-a pronuntat asupra art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila, constatand ca prevederile acestui text sunt constitutionale. In ceea ce priveste art. 31 din Legea nr. 56/1993, a constatat ca nu este incident in cauza.
    Potrivit art. 125 alin. (3) din Constitutie, legea este cea care stabileste caile de atac, acestea fiind incluse in procedura de judecata, iar art. 128 din aceeasi lege prevede ca, impotriva hotararilor judecatoresti, partile interesate si Ministerul Public pot exercita caile de atac in conditiile legii. Or, legea - si anume art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila - acorda procurorului general dreptul de a exercita, din oficiu sau la cererea ministrului justitiei, recursul in anulare. Nici Codul de procedura civila, in textul mentionat, si nici Legea nr. 92/1992 pentru organizarea judecatoreasca, in art. 31, nu conditioneaza exercitarea de catre Ministerul Public a cailor de atac impotriva hotararilor judecatoresti, de avizul ministrului justitiei. Este firesc sa fie asa, deoarece principiile legalitatii si impartialitatii inscrise in art. 131 alin. (1) din Constitutie, care stau la baza activitatii procurorilor, si rolul Ministerului Public, al carui sef este procurorul general, de reprezentant al intereselor societatii, aparator al ordinii de drept si al drepturilor si libertatilor cetatenilor, ii confera acestuia independenta fata de toate celelalte autoritati publice in exercitarea atributiilor si in asigurarea respectarii legii, astfel cum prevede art. 30 alin. 3 din Legea nr. 92/1992.
    In sensul dispozitiilor constitutionale, in baza autoritatii sale, ministrul justitiei va putea cere Ministerului Public promovarea unor actiuni necesare interesului public, insa nu va putea sa dispuna ca acesta sa nu-si exercite atributiile proprii prevazute de lege.
    Autoritatea ministrului justitiei se exercita, potrivit art. 37 din Legea nr. 92/1992 pentru organizarea judecatoreasca, prin procurorul general, fiind circumscrisa de art. 38 din aceeasi lege.
    Cat priveste constitutionalitatea art. 31 din Legea nr. 56/1993, este de retinut ca, in realitate, se invoca neconstitutionalitatea Hotararii nr. 1/1995 a Curtii Supreme de Justitie - Sectiile Unite, care nu poate face obiectul jurisdictiei constitutionale.
    De altfel, potrivit art. 23 alin. (2) din Legea nr. 47/1992, Curtea nu se poate pronunta decat asupra dispozitiilor dintr-o lege sau ordonanta de care depinde judecarea cauzei. In acest sens este si practica constanta a Curtii Constitutionale, care, prin Decizia nr. 29 din 29 martie 1995, definitiva prin Decizia nr. 118 din 21 noiembrie 1995, publicate in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 6 din 15 ianuarie 1996, a stabilit ca exceptiile sunt vadit nefondate atunci cand nu privesc nici una dintre dispozitiile legale de care depinde judecarea cauzei de catre instanta judecatoreasca.

    Pentru considerentele expuse, in temeiul art. 144 lit. c) si al art. 145 alin. (2) din Constitutie, precum si al art. 13 alin. (1) lit. A.c), al art. 24 alin. (2) si al art. 25 din Legea nr. 47/1992, in unanimitate,

    CURTEA
    In numele legii
    DECIDE:

    Respinge ca vadit nefondata exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 330 din Codul de procedura civila si ale art. 31 din Legea Curtii Supreme de Justitie nr. 56/1993, invocata de Buica Vasilica in Dosarul nr. 2.568/1996 al Curtii Supreme de Justitie - Sectia civila.
    Cu recurs in termen de 10 zile de la comunicare.
    Pronuntata la data de 14 iulie 1997.

              PRESEDINTE,
              prof. univ. dr. Lucian Stangu

                              Magistrat-asistent,
                              Constantin Burada

    Din cauza decesului magistratului-asistent Constantin Burada, in temeiul art. 261 alin. 2 din Codul de procedura civila, in locul acestuia semneaza

                              Magistrat asistent,
                              Valer Vasilie Bica



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