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DECIZIE Nr

DECIZIE   Nr. 96 din 24 octombrie 1995

ACT EMIS DE: CURTEA CONSTITUTIONALA

ACT PUBLICAT IN: MONITORUL OFICIAL  NR. 274 din 24 noiembrie 1995


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    Ioan Muraru           - presedinte
    Mihai Constantinescu  - judecator
    Ioan Deleanu          - judecator
    Lucian Stangu         - judecator
    Victor Dan Zlatescu   - judecator
    Raul Petrescu         - procuror
    Gabriela Dragomirescu - magistrat-asistent

    Pe rol pronuntarea asupra recursului declarat de Hanganu Constantin impotriva Deciziei Curtii Constitutionale nr. 47 din 3 mai 1995.
    Dezbaterile au avut loc in sedinta publica din 17 octombrie 1995, in prezenta partilor si a Ministerului Public, si au fost consemnate in incheierea de la acea data, cand Curtea, avand nevoie de timp pentru a delibera, a amanat pronuntarea pentru 24 octombrie 1995.

    CURTEA,
avand in vedere actele si lucrarile dosarului, retine urmatoarele:
    In Dosarul nr. 4.136/1994 al Tribunalului Bacau, Hanganu Constantin a invocat exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a prevederilor art. 14 din Codul de procedura civila, astfel cum au fost modificate prin Legea nr. 59/1993. In sustinerea exceptiei se arata ca ratiunea adoptarii Legii nr. 59/1993 a fost aceea de a asigura concordanta prevederilor Constitutiei, intre care si cele privind garantarea dreptului de proprietate, cu normele de drept procesual civil. Se considera ca prevederile art. 1 - 4 din legea de modificare nu raspund insa exigentelor legii fundamentale si Conventiei pentru apararea drepturilor omului si a libertatilor fundamentale, in sensul ca, prin stabilirea judecatoriilor ca instante de fond in litigiile legate de dreptul de proprietate, partile nu dispun de acces direct la Curtea Suprema de Justitie.
    Prin Decizia nr. 47 din 3 mai 1995 Curtea Constitutionala a respins ca vadit nefondata exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a prevederilor art. 14 din Codul de procedura civila, aratandu-se, in esenta, ca prin aceste dispozitii nu este ingradit liberul acces la justitie prevazut la art. 21 din Constitutie iar existenta si caracterul efectiv al unor cai de atac sunt reglementate de Legea nr. 59/1993, Constitutia neavand dispozitii care sa oblige la exercitarea recursului la Curtea Suprema de Justitie ca ultima cale de atac.
    Impotriva acestei decizii, Hanganu Constantin a declarat recurs, pentru urmatoarele motive: incalcarea art. 85 si a urmatoarelor din Codul de procedura civila, intrucat exceptia invocata a fost respinsa, prin decizia recurata, ca vadit nefondata, fara citarea sa; incalcarea art. 41 alin. (1) din Constitutie si a art. 1 alin. 1 din Primul Protocol aditional la Conventia pentru apararea drepturilor omului si a libertatilor fundamentale; neconstitutionalitatea respingerii exceptiei pe motiv ca reprezinta o exceptie prin omisiune, constand din nereglementarea aspectelor semnalate.
    Deoarece solutionarea exceptiei s-a facut in temeiul art. 24 alin. (2) din Legea nr. 47/1992, fara citarea partilor, dupa declararea recursului s-au solicitat, conform art. 24 alin. (3) din aceeasi lege, punctele de vedere ale Camerei Deputatilor, Senatului si Guvernului.
    In punctul de vedere al Guvernului se apreciaza ca exceptia de neconstitutionalitate invocata este vadit nefondata, astfel cum s-a retinut prin decizia recurata, intrucat prevederile constitutionale si cele adoptate in baza acestora nu presupun ca, in toate cazurile, solutionarea litigiului, in mod necesar, trebuie sa se incheie numai prin controlul jurisdictional exercitat, la cererea partii, de catre Curtea Suprema de Justitie.
    Camera Deputatilor si Senatul nu au comunicat punctele lor de vedere.

    CURTEA,
examinand incheierea de sesizare, decizia atacata, motivele de recurs, punctul de vedere al Guvernului, raportul intocmit de judecatorul - raportor, concluziile orale ale partilor si ale Ministerului Public - sustinute in sedinta din 17 octombrie 1995 intampinarea intimatilor, dispozitiile legale atacate ca neconstitutionale, raportate la prevederile Constitutiei si ale Legii nr. 47/1992, precum si dispozitiile Regulamentului de organizare si functionare a Curtii Constitutionale, retine urmatoarele:
    Motivul de recurs, prin care se sustine ca au fost incalcate prevederile art. 85 si urmatoarele din Codul de procedura civila, intrucat exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a fost solutionata fara citarea sa, este neintemeiat si urmeaza a fi respins.
    Art. 85 din Codul de procedura civila prevede ca "Judecatorul nu poate hotari asupra unei cereri decat dupa citarea sau infatisarea partilor, afara numai daca legea nu dispune altfel". Legea nr. 47/1992 prevede la art. 24 alin. (2) ca, atunci cand exceptia este vadit nefondata, solutia se adopta de completul de judecata, cu unanimitate de voturi, fara citarea partilor. Legiuitorul a prevazut insa si garantii pentru parti: o atare solutie poate fi pronuntata numai cu unanimitate de voturi, iar impotriva deciziei se poate exercita calea de atac a recursului, care, in toate cazurile, se solutioneaza cu citarea partilor si a Ministerului Public. Rezulta ca dispozitiile art. 24 alin. (2) din Legea nr. 47/1992 sunt derogatorii de la dreptul comun, ele inscriindu-se in ipoteza ca "legea dispune altfel". De asemenea, critica recurentului contravine principiului potrivit caruia norma speciala deroga de la cea generala.
    Cel de-al doilea motiv de recurs, prin care se sustine ca au fost incalcate dispozitiile art. 41 alin. (1) din Constitutie, potrivit carora "Dreptul de proprietate, precum si creantele asupra statului, sunt garantate. Continutul si limitele acestor drepturi sunt stabilite de lege", si ale art. 1 alin. 1 din Primul Protocol aditional la Conventia pentru apararea drepturilor omului si a libertatilor fundamentale, potrivit carora "Orice persoana fizica sau juridica are dreptul la respectarea bunurilor sale. Nimeni nu poate fi lipsit de proprietatea sa decat pentru cauza de utilitate publica si in conditiile prevazute de lege si de principiile generale ale dreptului international", urmeaza de asemenea a fi respins. Dispozitiile citate nu impun ca solutionarea litigiilor legate de dreptul de proprietate sa se faca, in cadrul ierarhiei instantelor judecatoresti, doar de anumite instante, cu excluderea altora. De altfel, aceasta sustinere nu numai ca nu se intemeiaza pe o dispozitie constitutionala, ci este chiar contrara dispozitiilor art. 128 din Constitutie, care prevede ca exercitarea cailor de atac se face "in conditiile legii".
    Cel de-al treilea motiv de recurs, potrivit caruia Curtea ar fi competenta sa solutioneze exceptia de neconstitutionalitate prin omisiune, este neintemeiat si urmeaza, de asemenea, a fi respins. Art. 144 din Constitutie si Legea nr. 47/1992 privind organizarea si functionarea Curtii Constitutionale prevad in mod expres si limitativ atributiile Curtii, care se poate pronunta numai asupra constitutionalitatii unei dispozitii legale in vigoare. Curtea nu se poate substitui Parlamentului - unica autoritate legiuitoare a tarii, potrivit art. 58 alin. (1) din Constitutie - pentru a modifica un text de lege, devenind astfel legislator pozitiv.
    In acest sens este si practica jurisdictionala a Curtii Constitutionale, asa cum rezulta din deciziile: nr. 1 din 12 ianuarie 1993, publicata In Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 129 din 17 iunie 1993; nr. 19 din 8 aprilie 1993, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 105 din 24 mai 1993; nr. 54 din 29 mai 1995, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 226 din 2 octombrie 1995 si nr. 64 din 20 iunie 1995, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 131 din 29 iunie 1995.
    Curtea, din oficiu, in conditiile art. 304*1 din Codul de procedura civila, a examinat decizia atacata si nu a constatat existenta unor motive pentru casarea Deciziei nr. 47 din 3 mai 1995. atacata cu prezentul recurs.
    Avand in vedere considerentele expuse, in temeiul art. 144 lit. c) si al art. 145 alin. (2) din Constitutie, precum si al art. 1 si art. 13 alin. (1) lit. A.c) din Legea nr. 47/1992,

    CURTEA
    In numele legii
    DECIDE:
    Respinge recursul declarat de Hanganu Constantin, domiciliat in municipiul Piatra-neamt, str. Privighetorii nr. 11, judetul Neamt, impotriva Deciziei Curtii Constitutionale nr. 47 din 3 mai 1995.
    Definitiva.
    Pronuntata in sedinta din 24 octombrie 1995.

             PRESEDINTELE CURTII CONSTITUTIONALE,
             prof. univ. dr. IOAN MURARU

                             Magistrat-asistent,
                             Gabriela Dragomirescu




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    HIRE A GENUINE HACKER TO RECOVER YOUR LOST FUNDS Hello everyone, The Cryptocurrency world is very volatile and a lot of individuals have lost their crypto assets to online scams . I was also a victim. Last October I was contacted by a broker who convinced me to invest in Crypto. I made an initial investment of € 875,000. I followed their instructions. For TWO months now I have been trying to contact them all day, but I got no response. God is so kind. I followed a broadcast that teaches on how these recovery experts called THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Help individuals recover their lost funds back. I contacted the email provided for consultation, to help me recover my funds. I contacted them. These cryptocurrency recovery experts saved my life by helping me recover all my losses in just nine hours. I provided necessary requirements and relative information to complete the successful recovery of my crypto funds. I was filled with joy asI got my everything back. I really can't tell how happy I am. I said I will not hold this to myself but share it to the public so that all scammed victims can get their funds back, you can contact them today through their hotline at: WhatsApp +1(520)200-2320) (support@thehackangels.com). (www.thehackangels.com) If you're in London, you can even visit them in person at their office located at 45-46 Red Lion Street, London WC1R 4PF, UK. They’re super helpful and really know their stuff! Don’t hesitate to reach out if you need help.
ANONIM a comentat Decretul 139 2005
    HIRE A GENUINE HACKER TO RECOVER YOUR LOST FUNDS Hello everyone, The Cryptocurrency world is very volatile and a lot of individuals have lost their crypto assets to online scams . I was also a victim. Last October I was contacted by a broker who convinced me to invest in Crypto. I made an initial investment of € 875,000. I followed their instructions. For TWO months now I have been trying to contact them all day, but I got no response. God is so kind. I followed a broadcast that teaches on how these recovery experts called THE HACK ANGELS RECOVERY EXPERT. Help individuals recover their lost funds back. I contacted the email provided for consultation, to help me recover my funds. I contacted them. These cryptocurrency recovery experts saved my life by helping me recover all my losses in just nine hours. I provided necessary requirements and relative information to complete the successful recovery of my crypto funds. I was filled with joy asI got my everything back. I really can't tell how happy I am. I said I will not hold this to myself but share it to the public so that all scammed victims can get their funds back, you can contact them today through their hotline at: WhatsApp +1(520)200-2320) (support@thehackangels.com). (www.thehackangels.com) If you're in London, you can even visit them in person at their office located at 45-46 Red Lion Street, London WC1R 4PF, UK. They’re super helpful and really know their stuff! Don’t hesitate to reach out if you need help.
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