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DECIZIE Nr

DECIZIE   Nr. 238 din 21 noiembrie 2000

referitoare la exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995 pentru reglementarea situatiei juridice a unor imobile cu destinatia de locuinte, trecute in proprietatea statului

ACT EMIS DE: CURTEA CONSTITUTIONALA

ACT PUBLICAT IN: MONITORUL OFICIAL  NR. 46 din 29 ianuarie 2001


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    Lucian Mihai           - presedinte
    Costica Bulai          - judecator
    Constantin Doldur      - judecator
    Kozsokar Gabor         - judecator
    Ioan Muraru            - judecator
    Lucian Stangu          - judecator
    Florin Bucur Vasilescu - judecator
    Romul Petru Vonica     - judecator
    Gabriela Ghita         - procuror
    Maria Bratu            - magistrat-asistent

    Pe rol se afla solutionarea exceptiei de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995 pentru reglementarea situatiei juridice a unor imobile cu destinatia de locuinte, trecute in proprietatea statului, exceptie ridicata de Csaba Janos Ludescher si Gabriela Ludescher in Dosarul nr. 1.695/R/2000 al Judecatoriei Oradea.
    La apelul nominal se constata lipsa partilor (Csaba Janos Ludescher, Gabriela Ludescher si Andrei Eugen Clintoc), fata de care procedura de citare este legal indeplinita.
    Reprezentantul Ministerului Public pune concluzii de respingere a exceptiei de neconstitutionalitate, invocand in acest sens jurisprudenta Curtii Constitutionale.

    CURTEA,
avand in vedere actele si lucrarile dosarului, retine urmatoarele:
    Prin Incheierea din 26 aprilie 2000 Judecatoria Oradea a sesizat Curtea Constitutionala cu exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995 pentru reglementarea situatiei juridice a unor imobile cu destinatia de locuinte, trecute in proprietatea statului, exceptie ridicata de Csaba Janos Ludescher si Gabriela Ludescher in Dosarul nr. 1.695/R/2000 al acelei instante.
    In motivarea exceptiei de neconstitutionalitate autorii acesteia considera ca textul de lege criticat incalca dispozitiile art. 41 alin. (1) din Constitutie, text care garanteaza dreptul de proprietate, precum si dispozitiile art. 25 din Constitutie, care consacra libera circulatie a persoanelor. Autorii exceptiei sustin ca textul de lege criticat "elimina practic dreptul de dispozitie cu privire la bunul respectiv, ceea ce este contrar naturii sale, astfel cum este definita in art. 480 Cod civil".
    Judecatoria Oradea, exprimandu-si opinia, considera ca prevederile art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995 sunt constitutionale.
    In conformitate cu dispozitiile art. 24 alin. (1) din Legea nr. 47/1992, republicata, incheierea de sesizare a fost comunicata presedintilor celor doua Camere ale Parlamentului, precum si Guvernului, pentru a-si exprima punctele de vedere asupra exceptiei de neconstitutionalitate ridicate.
    Guvernul, in punctul sau de vedere, considera ca exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995 este neintemeiata. In sustinerea acestui punct de vedere se arata ca "interdictia de instrainare pe timp determinat prevazuta de alineatul final al art. 9 din Legea nr. 112/1995 este un caz de inalienabilitate legala, care nu contravine principiului garantarii dreptului de proprietate consacrat de art. 41 din Constitutie, asa cum a retinut si Curtea Constitutionala prin Decizia nr. 169/1999". De asemenea, se considera ca textul de lege criticat nu incalca nici dispozitiile art. 25 din Constitutie privind libera circulatie, locuintele la care se refera textul respectiv putand fi inchiriate.
    Presedintii celor doua Camere ale Parlamentului nu au comunicat punctele lor de vedere.

    CURTEA,
examinand incheierea de sesizare, punctul de vedere al Guvernului, raportul intocmit de judecatorul-raportor, concluziile procurorului, dispozitiile legale criticate, raportate la prevederile Constitutiei, precum si dispozitiile Legii nr. 47/1992, retine urmatoarele:
    Curtea Constitutionala a fost legal sesizata si este competenta, potrivit dispozitiilor art. 144 lit. c) din Constitutie, precum si ale art. 1 alin. (1), ale art. 2, 3, 12 si 23 din Legea nr. 47/1992, republicata, sa solutioneze exceptia de neconstitutionalitate ridicata.
    Textul de lege criticat pentru neconstitutionalitate are urmatorul continut: "Apartamentele dobandite in conditiile alin. 1 nu pot fi instrainate 10 ani de la data cumpararii."
    Conform art. 9 alin. 1: "Chiriasii titulari de contract ai apartamentelor ce nu se restituie in natura fostilor proprietari sau mostenitorilor acestora pot opta, dupa expirarea termenului prevazut la art. 14, pentru cumpararea acestor apartamente cu plata integrala sau in rate a pretului".
    Prevederile constitutionale invocate in sustinerea exceptiei de neconstitutionalitate au urmatorul cuprins:
    Art. 41 alin. (1)
    "Dreptul de proprietate, precum si creantele asupra statului sunt garantate. Continutul si limitele acestor drepturi sunt stabilite de lege.";
    Art. 25
    "(1) Dreptul la libera circulatie, in tara si in strainatate, este garantat. Legea stabileste conditiile exercitarii acestui drept.
    (2) Fiecarui cetatean ii este asigurat dreptul de a-si stabili domiciliul sau resedinta in orice localitate din tara, de a emigra, precum si de a reveni in tara."
    Examinand textul de lege criticat, prin raportare la prevederile constitutionale invocate in motivarea exceptiei de neconstitutionalitate, Curtea constata ca nu exista nici o contradictie intre acestea.
    Interdictia instrainarii pe timp de 10 ani a locuintelor cumparate de chiriasi in conditiile art. 9 alin. 1 din Legea nr. 112/1995 nu infrange dispozitiile art. 41 alin. (1) teza intai din Constitutie, care nu pot fi disociate de textul tezei a doua, conform carora: Continutul si limitele dreptului de proprietate sunt stabilite de lege. In consecinta, interdictia temporara de instrainare, prevazuta la art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995 este constitutionala, reprezentand doar o limitare a uneia dintre prerogativele dreptului de proprietate.
    De altfel, Curtea s-a mai pronuntat asupra constitutionalitatii textului art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995, in raport cu dispozitiile art. 41 alin. (1) din Constitutie, si anume prin Decizia nr. 169 din 2 noiembrie 1999, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr. 151 din 12 aprilie 2000, constatandu-se ca aceste dispozitii legale sunt constitutionale. Atat considerentele, cat si solutia din aceasta decizie isi pastreaza valabilitatea si in cauza de fata, neexistand motive sau elemente noi care sa determine reconsiderarea jurisprudentei Curtii.
    In ceea ce priveste pretinsa incalcare a prevederilor art. 25 din Constitutie referitoare la libera circulatie a persoanelor, Curtea observa ca dispozitia legala criticata nu are legatura cu acest text constitutional, intrucat nu poate avea semnificatia obligarii cumparatorului locuintei de a locui in ea pe toata durata celor 10 ani de la cumparare, cat dureaza interdictia de vanzare. Prin urmare, nu se poate conchide ca persoana in cauza nu ar putea sa calatoreasca, sa isi stabileasca domiciliul sau resedinta in orice alta localitate din tara sau din strainatate datorita interdictiei temporare de a instraina locuinta dobandita in conditiile Legii nr. 112/1995.

    Pentru motivele expuse, in temeiul art. 144 lit. c) si al art. 145 alin. (2) din Constitutie, precum si al art. 1 - 3, al art. 13 alin. (1) lit. A.c), al art. 23 si al art. 25 alin. (1) din Legea nr. 47/1992, republicata,

    CURTEA
    In numele legii
    DECIDE:

    Respinge exceptia de neconstitutionalitate a dispozitiilor art. 9 alineatul ultim din Legea nr. 112/1995 pentru reglementarea situatiei juridice a unor imobile cu destinatia de locuinte, trecute in proprietatea statului, exceptie ridicata de Csaba Janos Ludescher si Gabriela Ludescher in Dosarul nr. 1.695/R/2000 al Judecatoriei Oradea.
    Definitiva si obligatorie.
    Pronuntata in sedinta publica din data de 21 noiembrie 2000.

          PRESEDINTELE CURTII CONSTITUTIONALE,
                       LUCIAN MIHAI

                              Magistrat asistent,
                              Maria Bratu



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